Movies: Interplay between plasma defocussing and self-focussing leads to an apparent long propagation of ultrashort pulses in air.

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The physical mechanism underlying this phenomenon has still to be uncovered in detail. Early discussions centered on the idea of a quasi-stable propagation which is a result of a balance between self-focusing (SF) and the defocusing effect of the electron plasma generated by multi-photon ionization (MPI). On the other hand, Brodeur et. al. suggested the moving focus model to explain the features of the filaments observed in their experiments.Recently, Lange et al. argued in favour of the pulse self-guiding stabilized by plasma defocusing.

5.0-anim

The physical mechanism underlying this phenomenon has still to be uncovered in detail. Early discussions centered on the idea of a quasi-stable propagation which is a result of a balance between self-focusing (SF) and the defocusing effect of the electron plasma generated by multi-photon ionization (MPI). On the other hand, Brodeur et. al. suggested the moving focus model to explain the features of the filaments observed in their experiments.Recently, Lange et al. argued in favour of the pulse self-guiding stabilized by plasma defocusing.

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